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Year

1958

8 sourced events from this year.

Events

1958 Timeline

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1958

Technology20th CenturyNorth America

Explorer 1 Becomes First U.S. Satellite in Orbit

The Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik 1 in October 1957 had ignited the Space Race and raised concerns in the United States about technological leadership. American scientists at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Army Ballistic Missile Agency worked rapidly to develop a response. On January 31, 1958, a Jupiter-C rocket carried Explorer 1 into orbit from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The satellite, designed by Wernher von Braun's team, carried a cosmic ray detector and confirmed the existence of the Van Allen radiation belts. Its successful launch restored American prestige in space exploration. Explorer 1 remained in orbit until 1970.

Event DetailDaily Earth View
1958

ScienceBorn On20th CenturyNorth America

Susan J. Helms Born: Astronaut and Air Force Lieutenant General

Susan J. Helms is reported as having been born on February 26, 1958, in Charlotte, North Carolina. She is an American engineer, retired lieutenant general in the United States Air Force, and former NASA astronaut. Helms graduated from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1980 with a degree in aeronautical engineering. Selected as an astronaut candidate in 1990, she flew on four Space Shuttle missions between 1993 and 2002, accumulating more than two hundred days in space. During Expedition 2 in 2001 she became the first woman to serve as a long-duration crew member aboard the International Space Station, conducting spacewalks and critical station assembly tasks. After leaving NASA she advanced to senior Air Force command roles, including commander of...

Event DetailUS Military Atlas
1958

Culture20th CenturyLatin America & Caribbean

Brazil Defeats Sweden for First World Cup Title

The 1958 FIFA World Cup in Sweden marked the tournament's expansion and growing global popularity after earlier editions. Brazil arrived as a talented but previously underachieving side featuring young stars like 17-year-old Pelé. In the final on June 29, 1958, Brazil defeated the host nation Sweden 5-2 before a crowd in Stockholm. Pelé scored twice, becoming the youngest goalscorer in a World Cup final, while teammates like Garrincha dazzled with skill and flair. The victory ended Sweden's run and launched Brazil's dynasty, with the team going on to win additional titles in subsequent decades.

Event Detail
1958

Politics20th CenturyMiddle East & North Africa

Iraqi Monarchy Overthrown in 14 July Revolution

Iraq's Hashemite monarchy, established after World War I under British influence, faced growing nationalist discontent amid regional Arab nationalist movements and economic grievances. Brigadier Abd al-Karim Qasim and Colonel Abdul Salam Arif led a secret Free Officers group plotting change. On July 14, 1958, army units seized Baghdad, broadcasting the end of the monarchy and the birth of a republic. King Faisal II, Crown Prince Abd al-Ilah, and Prime Minister Nuri al-Said were killed in the violence that followed. Qasim assumed leadership, ending the Arab Federation with Jordan and shifting Iraq toward non-alignment.

Event Detail
1958

Technology20th CenturyNorth America

Eisenhower Signs Act Creating NASA

The launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union in 1957 shocked the United States and exposed gaps in American scientific and technological capabilities during the Cold War. President Dwight D. Eisenhower responded by prioritizing a coordinated national space program to compete in the emerging space race. On July 29, 1958, he signed the National Aeronautics and Space Act into law, establishing the National Aeronautics and Space Administration as a civilian agency. NASA absorbed the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics and other research entities, with a mandate for peaceful exploration alongside national security applications. The agency began operations on October 1, 1958.

Event DetailDaily Earth View
1958

Exploration20th CenturyGlobal

USS Nautilus Reaches North Pole Underwater

During the Cold War, the United States sought technological superiority in the Arctic. The USS Nautilus, the world's first nuclear-powered submarine, departed on a secret mission called Operation Sunshine. On August 3, 1958, it became the first vessel to reach the geographic North Pole while submerged under the polar ice cap. Commander William R. Anderson announced the achievement to the crew at 11:15 p.m. EDT. The submarine continued to the Greenland Sea, proving nuclear propulsion enabled extended under-ice travel. This feat demonstrated new strategic capabilities.

Event Detail
1958

Politics20th CenturyEurope

Charles de Gaulle Elected President of France

France faced political instability during the Algerian War, prompting the collapse of the Fourth Republic. Charles de Gaulle, a World War II hero, was recalled from retirement to lead a transitional government and draft a new constitution. Following approval of the Fifth Republic's framework in a September referendum, an electoral college convened and selected de Gaulle on December 21, 1958, with strong support. He assumed office in January 1959, consolidating executive power. This election ended parliamentary dominance and ushered in a new era of French governance.

Event Detail
1958

Culture20th CenturyNorth America

December 28, 1958: The NFL Championship Game That Helped Transform Pro Football

The Baltimore Colts and New York Giants met for the NFL championship at Yankee Stadium before a national television audience. Baltimore quarterback Johnny Unitas led a late drive that set up Steve Myhra's tying field goal with seven seconds left in regulation. In the first sudden-death overtime in an NFL championship game, the Colts drove 80 yards before Alan Ameche scored from one yard out. Baltimore won 23-17 in a contest later celebrated as the 'Greatest Game Ever Played.'

Event DetailOpenPlay Football